Thank you so much for all the helpful responses and suggestions!

I just wanted to clarify that I do understand volatile doesn't guarantee atomicity; it was simply an example I used to illustrate my point. Thanks for the reminder though!

On a curious note, could anyone kindly direct me to any ...

Hello everyone,

I'm working on a project using ESP32 with FreeRTOS where multiple tasks share and modify various types of global variables. My question is about the atomicity of read/write operations on naturally aligned variables in this environment.

Let’s say we have a shared variable that is ...

感谢，是WROOM模组

硬件平台：devkitc-v2
开发环境：esp-idf vscode插件

根据readme文件，从github克隆仓库后，把esp32-camera添加到component中。并且通过idf.py menuconfig 打开了CONFIG_ESP32_SPIRAM_SUPPORT选项。此时编译烧录正常，但运行时，通过idf.py monitor，观察到以下错误，并不断重启。

E (264) psram: PSRAM ID read error: 0xffffffff
E (268) cpu_start: Failed to init external RAM!
Re-enable ...